Don't confuse expressing the individual nouns that describe numerals and numeric date/days/months/seasons with speaking or asking specifically about 'the date'. 

« date » is a feminine noun so will always use « la » as definite article.  

Numerals (and the letters of the alphabet) are always masculine nouns using the definite « le ». (For later reference though the 'approximations' of number ending in « -aine eg une dizaine » are feminine nouns)

Days of the week and months of the year are also always masculine, as are the seasons.

« La date est le 30 Novembre » 

masculine-words

Date is a feminine noun. so we use quelle (not quel).

using quel or quelle for asking a question is based on a noun gender . for example age is masculine so we say : quel age avez vous?