Hi, I love the website. I too am wondering why 'we brushed our hair' is 'Nous nous sommes brossé les cheveux' rather than with an 's' added to brossé

Gabrielle W.C1Kwiziq community member

Hi, I love the website. I too am wondering why 'we brushed our hair' is 'Nous nous sommes brossé les cheveux' rather than with an 's' added to brossé

Asked 6 years ago
CécileNative French expert teacher in KwiziqCorrect answer

Hi Gabrielle,

The agreement of past participles in the case of reflexive verbs is most interesting.

As they use the auxilliary verb 'être' in the perfect tense, they normally agree just as adjectives in gender and number.

This is always true of simple intransitive verbs like se coucher, s'appelerse réveiller, s'arrêter, which don't have an object.

In the case of verbs like 'se casser.... quelque chose', 'se brosser...quelque chose', 'se laver ...quelque chose' etc. which in English translate literally and oddly to break /brush/wash (yourself ) something which clearly have an object  then we apply the agreement rules of verbs using 'avoir' in the perfect tense, and the past participle will agree only if the object precedes the verb.

Here are a few examples which might help to illustrate the point:

Ils se sont lavé les mains,( They washed their hands) but ils se sont lavés à l'eau froide (They washed  in cold water).

Elle s'est cassé une jambe (She broke a leg) but La jambe qu'elle s'est cassée aura du mal à guérir (The leg she broke will not heal well).

Elles se sont préparé une soupe (They have made (themselves) a soup) but la soupe qu'elles se sont préparée est délicieuse (The soup they made is delicious).

Nous nous sommes acheté une maison (We bought ourselves a house) but La maison que nous nous sommes achetée n'a pas de dépendances (The house we bought has no outbuildings)

Hope this helps!

Gabrielle W.C1Kwiziq community member
Cécile, that is an enormous help. The examples you gave are really clear. Thank you very much. G
CécileNative French expert teacher in Kwiziq
:-)
Alan G.C1 Kwiziq Q&A super contributor

Cécile - could you explain this example more, I don't see the difference. Don't both cases have an object which doesn't precede the verb?

Ils se sont lavé les mains,( They washed their hands) but ils se sont lavés les mains à l'eau froide (They washed their hands in cold water).

Katie A.C1Kwiziq community member

Your examples do clarify but bring up another question. Why use a reflexive verb when the object is not the self?  Why not say, “Elles ont préparé une soupe.”

CécileNative French expert teacher in Kwiziq

Hi Katie, 

The French love using reflexive verbs and we are much more likely to say -

Je vais me préparer une bonne soupe 

than 

Je vais préparer une bonne soupe

Bonne continuation!

Ruth G.B1Kwiziq community member

Ils se sont lavé les mains,( They washed their hands) but ils se sont lavés à l'eau froide (They washed  in cold water).

Elle s'est cassé une jambe (She broke a leg) but La jambe qu'elle s'est cassée aura du mal à guérir (The leg she broke will not heal well).

still puzzles me...the water example especially 

CécileNative French expert teacher in Kwiziq

Hi Ruth, 

Ils se sont lavé les mains They washed their hands 

No agreement because 'the object', (les mains) is after the verb 

Ils se sont lavés à l'eau froide =They washed themselves  in cold water

The object is 'se' and precedes the verb - agreement of PP

Mieux vaut tard que jamais!

Hi, I love the website. I too am wondering why 'we brushed our hair' is 'Nous nous sommes brossé les cheveux' rather than with an 's' added to brossé

Sign in to submit your answer

Don't have an account yet? Join today

Ask a question

Find your French level for FREE

Test your French to the CEFR standard

Find your French level
I'll be right with you...