What can only be at the end of the sentence, and you use quoi and NOT que.
I spent a while trying to understand this sentence, as there are several examples given later on with "que" or "qu’" at the beginning, eg qu’est-ce ?", "que veut-il ?"and indeed those starting "qu’est-ce que". I reckoned it only applies to your first group of sentences where intonation, rather than inversion is used to ask the question - is that right?